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Although melanin is indispensable for the absorption of free radicals generated in the cytoplasm and plays an important role in blocking various types of ionizing radiation, such as ultra-violet radiation, the increased production and accumulation of melanin in the skin characterises a large number of skin diseases, including acquired hyperpigmentation.

The use of inhibitors of melanogenesis as skin lighteners is well documented but many are of limited effectiveness, difficult to formulate, and may cause side effects after long term use.  Recent attention has switched to the potential of natural products as cosmetics and PhynoRadiance’s™ action as a natural α-glucosidase inhibitor makes it an excellent skin lightening agent.

  Activity studies with PhynoRadiance™ have shown:
    • PhynoRadiance™ was evaluated in a 28-day human trial and the study concluded that it was well tolerated and significantly lightened the skin and reduced skin pigmentation.
    • Inhibition of cellular melanin formation in tests directly comparing PhynoRadiance™ with arbutin, kojic acid and magnesium ascorbyl phosphate (VC-PMG) showed superior activity with no cytotoxicity observed.
    • Tests carried out comparing PhynoRadiance™ directly with arbutin showed a different mechanism of action and that anti-melanogenesis activity was linked to the inhibition of early tyrosinase formation.
    • PhynoRadiance™ exhibits similar potency to the α-glucosidase inhibitor DNJ (a key constituent of PhynoRadiance™) despite having a low DNJ content– indicating that within PhynoRadiance™ DNJ is working in synergy with other active compounds to inhibit melanin formation.

PhynoRadiancee™ clinical trial results

Day 0
Day 28

Effect of PhynoRadiance™ on skin lightness
Effect of PhynoRadiance™ on skin colour



Figure 1: Superior activity over competitor products





Figure 2: PhynoRadiance™ is not cytotoxic

Tyrosinase is a key enzyme that catalyses the conversion of L-tyrosine to L-dopa, and the oxidation of L-dopa to o-dopaquinone, which are key intermediates in melanin biosynthesis.  As a rate-limiting enzyme in the formation of melanin, disruption of the enzymatic activity of tyrosinase is an ideal target for pigmentation therapeutics. 




Figure 3: The biosynthetic pathway of melanin.  Tyrosinase is a key enzyme regulating this biochemical pathway.

Studies investigating the direct and indirect inhibitory activities of PhynoRadiance™ with tyrosinase have shown that rather than acting as a direct tyrosinase inhibitor, PhynoRadiance™ indirectly inhibits the enzyme.  This is indicative of a novel mechanism of action over skin-lighteners such as arbutin that function as direct tyrosinase inhibitors. 




Figure 4: PhynoRadiance™ acts in a novel manner, indirectly inhibiting the regulating enzyme tyrosinase